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Most experienced dog owners are familiar with common dog behavior problems, but
some may wonder why dogs exhibit these behaviors. Barking, biting, chewing and
many other common dog behaviors are often misunderstood and mishandled by dog
owners. Perhaps you are new to dog ownership, considering getting a dog, or just
wish to better manage your dog's behavior problems. Thoroughly understanding the
most common dog behavior problems is the first step to solving and preventing
them. A solid foundation of obedience training will help you prevent or better
control common dog behavior problems.
1. Barking-Most dogs bark, howl and whine to some
degree. Excessive barking is considered a behavior problem.
Before you can correct barking, determine why your dog is
vocalizing in the first place. These are the most common types
of barking:
Warning or Alert
Playfulness/Excitement
Attention-seeking
Anxiety
Boredom
Responding to Other Dogs
Learn to control excessive barking. Be consistent and patient.
Also, consider teaching the Bark/Quiet Commands. Dedication and
attention to detail can go a long way.
2. Chewing-Chewing is a natural action for all dogs -
it's just a part of the way they are wired. However, chewing can
quickly become a behavior problem if your dog causes
destruction. The most common reasons dogs chew are as follows:
Puppy Teething
Boredom / Excess Energy
Anxiety
Curiosity (especially puppies)
Encourage your dog to chew on the right things by providing
plenty of chew toys. Keep personal items away from your dog.
When you are not home, keep your dog crated or confined to an
area where less destruction can be caused. If you catch your dog
chewing the wrong thing, quickly correct him with a sharp noise.
Then, replace the item with a chew toy. One of the most
important things you can do: make sure your dog gets plenty of
exercise!
3. Digging-If given the chance, most dogs will do some
amount of digging - it's a matter of instinct. Certain breeds,
like Terriers, are more prone to digging because of their
hunting histories. If your dog digs up your yard, it can get
pretty frustrating for you. Try and determine the cause of the
digging, then work to eliminate that source. Spend more time
with your dog, give him more exercise, and work on extra
training. If digging is inevitable, set aside an area where your
dog can learn it is "okay" to dig, like a sand box. In general,
most dogs dig for these reasons:
Boredom or Excess Energy
Anxiety or Fear
Hunting Instinct
Comfort-Seeking (such as nesting or cooling off)
Hiding Possessions (like bones or toys)
To Escape or Gain Access
4. Separation Anxiety-Separation anxiety is one of the
most commonly discussed dog behavior problems. Manifestations
include vocalization, chewing, inappropriate urination and
defecation, and other forms of destruction that occur when a dog
is separated from his owner. Not all of these actions are the
result of separation anxiety. Signs of true separation anxiety
include:
Dog becomes anxious when owner prepares to leave
Misbehavior occurs in the first 15-45 minutes
after owner leaves
Dog wants to follow owner around constantly
Dog tries to be touching owner whenever possible
True separation anxiety requires dedicated training, behavior
modification and desensitization exercises. Medication may be
recommended in extreme cases, but this should be a last resort.
5. Inappropriate Elimination-Inappropriate urination
and defecation are among the most frustrating dog behaviors.
They can damage areas of your home and make your dog unwelcome
in public places or at the homes of others. It is most important
that you discuss this behavior with your veterinarian first to
rule out health problems. Next, determine the reason for the
behavior, which can come down to one of the following:
Submissive or Fear Urination, Territorial Marking , Anxiety,
Attention-seeking, Lack of proper housebreaking.
Inappropriate elimination is unavoidable in puppies, especially
before 12 weeks of age. Older dogs are another story - many
require serious behavior modification to rid them of the habit
because you must often alter their perception of themselves.
6. Begging-Begging is a bad habit, but many dog owners
unfortunately encourage it. This can lead to digestive problems
and obesity. Dogs beg because they love food - but table scraps
are not treats, and food is not love! Yes, it is hard to resist
that longing look, but giving in "just this once" creates a
problem in the long run. In a pack setting, a subordinate would
never beg from alpha dogs without reprimand. When you teach your
dog that begging is permitted, you jeopardize your role as pack
leader. Before you sit down to eat, tell your dog to stay,
preferably where he will not be able to stare at you. If
necessary, confine him to another room. If he behaves, give him
a special treat only after you and your family are completely
finished eating.
7. Chasing- A dog's desire to chase moving things is
simply a display of predatory instinct. Many dogs will chase
other animals, people and cars. All of these can lead to
dangerous and devastating outcomes! While you may not be able to
stop your dog from trying to chase, you can take steps to
prevent disaster. Keep your dog on a leash at all times (unless
directly supervised indoors). Train your dog to come when
called. Have a dog whistle or noisemaker on hand to get your
dog's attention. Stay aware and watch for potential triggers,
like joggers.Your best chance at success is to keep the chase
from getting out of control. Dedicated training over the course
of your dog's life will teach him to focus his attention on you
first - before running off.
8. Jumping Up-Puppies jump up to reach and greet their
mothers. Later, they may jump up when greeting people. Dogs may
also jump up to exert dominance. A jumping dog can be annoying
and even dangerous. There are many methods to stop a dog's
jumping, but not all will be successful. Lifting a knee,
grabbing the paws, or pushing the dog away might work for some,
but for most dogs this sends the wrong message. Jumping up is
often attention-seeking behavior, so any acknowledgment of your
dog's actions provide a reward! The best method: simply turn
away and ignore your dog. Do not make eye contact, speak, or
touch your dog. Go about your business. When he relaxes and
remains still, calmly reward him. It won't take long before your
dog gets the message.
9. Biting- Dogs bite for reasons that can be traced
back to instinct and pack mentality. Puppies bite and nip on
other dogs and people as a means for exploring their environment
and learning their place in the pack. Owners MUST teach their
puppies that mouthing and biting are not acceptable.
Beyond puppy behavior, the motivation to bite or snap typically
comes from the following: Fear or Defensiveness,
Protection of Property, Pain or Sickness, Dominance
Assertion or Predatory Instinct. Owners and breeders are
the ones who can help decrease the tendency for any type of dog
to bite through proper training, socialization and breeding
practices.
10. Aggression-Dog aggression is exhibited by growling,
snarling, showing teeth, lunging and biting. It is important to
know that any dog has the potential to become aggressive,
regardless of breed or history. However, dogs with violent or
abusive histories and those bred from dogs with aggressive
tendencies are much more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior
towards people or other dogs. Reasons for aggression are
basically the same as the reasons a dog will bite or snap, but
overall canine aggression is a much more serious problem. If
your dog has aggressive tendencies, consult your vet first - it
may stem from a health problem. Then, seek the help of an
experienced dog trainer. Serious measures should be taken to
keep others safe from aggressive dogs!
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